Notes On Reviving Religion - 976 Words

1) Reviving Religion a) People were now embracing Deism which rejected divinity of Christ and concept of sinning. They believed that there was some supreme person that created the aspects of the universe b) Deism helped spread Unitarian faith in New England. This faith consisted of believing that in only in one person God existed there c) The Second Great Awakening started in the 1800s. This caused lots of changes such as moving towards abolishing as well as moving towards women rights i) Baptists and Methodist stressed a lot about emotionalism ii) Peter Cartwright was known as the traveling preachers iii) Charles Grandison Finney was one of the greatest preachers during the 2nd awakening 2) Denominational Diversity a) Since there were so many people preaching in New York about hellfire it was known as the Burned-Over District b) Conservatives and Methodists consisted on different social classes such as the Methodists consisted of the Southern/Western people, while the conservatives consisted of people in the East who were usually more rich 3) A Desert Zion in Utah a) Joseph Smith founded a new religion of Mormonism due to his visions. 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ARead MoreDeath Denied863 Words   |  4 Pagesfound knowledge of artificial respiration and the use of it to revive the â€Å"dead† shook our ideas of what death really was. â€Å"In 1774 in Italy, the first case of electric shock was used to resuscitate a ‘dead’ man†(Chapter 55). Soon these methods of reviving became the tests in which to prove the actual death of a human be ing. Later technologies such as the stethoscope and other â€Å"electrical tests for neuromuscular functions and the thermometer to measure body heat† (Chapter 55) became the norm in whichRead MoreAnalysis Of Flavius Petrus Sabbatius ( Justinian )1171 Words   |  5 Pagestheir duties well, a general harmony will result. It was his intention to transform his empire and to unite it militarily, legally, and architecturally, reviving its former glory. The type of Christianity that Theodora adopted is known as Monophysitism. This word comes from the Greek words ‘monos,’ meaning one, and ‘physis,’ meaning nature. 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Emily Dickinson and Edgar Alan Poe are often compared and analyzed together because of their â€Å"death†Read MoreLife Without Mathematics3594 Words   |  15 PagesFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search [pic] [pic] Bharatanatyam, one of eight designated classical dance forms of India Indias languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food and customs differ from place to place within the country, but nevertheless possess a commonality. The culture of India is an amalgamation of these diverse sub-cultures spread all over the Indian subcontinent and traditions that are several millennia old.[1] Regarded by some historians as

The Structure Of Dn Cooperation And Competition - 949 Words

The Structure of DNA: Cooperation and Competition PRACTICAL PROBLEM: The question â€Å"How do living things pass on their traits to offspring† had long been on the minds of researchers. CURIOSITY: Curiosity was a trait of all those who wondered about that question. Gregor Mendel was just one of those people leading up to the four who discovered the structure of DNA. The four people who discovered the structure of DNA built upon the EXPLORATION AND DISCOVERY of others: At the time of this discovery, the groundwork in DNA research had been prepared, beginning with the work of Gregor Mendel in the 19th century. NEW TECHNOLOGY: Later, in the decades of the 1940’s and 50’s, the understanding of DNA grew because of new technology. DISCOVERY: It was learned that DNA is made of phosphates, sugars, four bases and discovering that those bases are stacked .34 nanometers apart and that the DNA bases always occur in the same â€Å"A=T, C=G† ratios. 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Qantas Case Study Organizational structure - Leadership - Strategies

Question: Discuss about theOrganization Structure for Qantas Case Study. Answer: Introduction Organization structure, company marketing strategies and leadership styles are very fundamental in determining the success of the company. By setting up the accommodative structure and possible strategies with effective leadership, organizations find it easy to succeed in their activities( Tran Tian, 2013).However, for this to be applicable, the organization needs to have a clear understanding of its objectives, goals, and mission(Agbim, 2013). This ensures that the continuity of the company services and programs both in the short run and in the long run. For effective and comprehensive investigation of these aspects, the paper uses the case study of Qantas Airways Limited. Qantas in one of the largest airline companies operating in Australian and in the international markets. Qantas is the best example of the company with effective structure, strategies and leadership styles that have facilitated the expansion of its operations in the global markets. Throughout the report, the pape r discusses the company structure, leadership style, and strategies. Qantas Airways Limited Overview Qantas Airways is the leading airline company in the Asia-Pacific region. Additionally, it falls into the category of the ten largest airline companies in the world. Qantas has more than eighty-one connections with over forty destinations globally. The company engages in extensive local airline services both Australia and New Zealand. Qantas together with its subsidiary companies serves more than thirty million customers in a year. Again, it is the member of the global airline alliance where it is the largest shareholder with eighty percent interest(Advameg Inc., 2016). The company services include loyalty programs, freight services, and corporate services. The company employees range over 28,000 people globally. Qantas global airline service is quite dominant in Asia and New Zealand. However, the company services are also present in the United Kingdom and the Unites States of America. The company operations have been divided into various major brands that include: Qantas: This brand operates both in Australian and international flights. Its airline services comprise of customer operations and marketing. The brands falling under this class include Qantas' local network and Qantas link. Jestar: This brand operates across the routes in Australia, Japan, and Asia. This segment comprises of Jester Japan, Jester Pacific, and Jester Asia. Qantas Freight: This brand includes Qantas air cargo and business flight services that operate within the Qantas Freight, Star Express brands, and Australian Air Express. Qantas Organizational Structure Organization structure is very crucial in determining how responsibilities, power, and roles are allocated, monitored and coordinated(Al-Qatawneh, 2014). Alternatively, it provides a mechanism for the flow of the information in all levels of the management(Martinelli, 2010). However, the organization structure majorly depends on the company strategies and objectives(Mintzberg, 2009). The commonly used forms organizational are either centralized or decentralized structures. Similarly, Qantas has either adopted centralized or decentralized structure. The Qantas organizational structure comprises the aspects of both centralized and decentralized organization structure. The company comprises of the various subsidiaries headed by different executives who have been bestowed with authority, roles, and responsibilities to be exercised under the area of their operations. Alternatively, the company employees have been arranged in a manner that the execution of their duties is in line with the company goals and objectives. The company management is based on two distinct businesses, Qantas Domestic and Qantas International with each business being managed by its chief executive officer. Additionally, the two business divisions have their commercial and operational functions. This structure has been adopted as the way of focusing on the company strategies of transforming the Qantas International business as well as improving the Qantas Domestic business. From the analysis of the nature of Qantas organization structure, it is clear that the company has adopted matrix type of structure. The top most company management comprises of the members of the corporate governance as well as an executive top management team. The highest level of management is responsible for establishing practices and policies to be adopted and implemented throughout the organization. Below the top leadership, there are various departments such as administrative management, commercial business administration, project management and functional management. All these departments work with the various team to ensure the organization goals and objectives are achieved. Qantas Airline Leadership Style Organizational leadership style is paramount in determining the organization direction and success(Jaroslav, 2013). As noted by Bhatti, Maitlo, Shaikh, Hashmi, Shaikh (2012) leadership style is one of the effective organization management aspects in motivating the employees as well as implementing the organization strategies and plans. Some of the leadership styles commonly used in the organizations include authoritarian, participative and delegation styles. Authoritarian style entails the manager ordering the people to do what is expected of them without seeking their advice first. On the hand side, participative or democratic style involves the leader including the employees in the decision-making process. However, the leader has the final decision but most of the times take into consideration the opinions and views of the employees(Koech Namusonge, 2012). Delegative leadership style permits the employees to make decisions on their own. However, it should be noted that under dele gation style the leader is responsible for the decisions made by the employees. Qantas Airline seems to largely accommodate all the aspects of the leadership styles in the management of the company operations and activities. The top company management has been very critical when handling the management of the diverse cultures of employees as well when reviewing the views of the shareholders. Therefore, this has called for the company to be rational when making its decisions or else it may result in conflicts with both the stockholders and the employees. However, there are some scenarios where the company has turned out to be authoritative. This has led to making the decisions which from the employees and trade unions perspective are not favorable. Similarly, the decisions have resulted to criticisms from various stakeholders including loyal customers and industry experts. For example, the company closure of the Singapore was countered with a lot of criticisms from the stakeholders. Many argued that the chief executive officer decision was more of authoritative t han democratic(The Conversation, 2014). This scenario portrays Qantas applicability of authoritative leadership style. However, despite the management being authoritative it also portrays some attributes of participative and delegates leadership styles. According to Stribling (2013) Qantas leadership style is also found on the following elements: Vision: The management of the company understood that for the team to be effective, it must have vision. To enable this, the Qantas top management leadership is based on providing direction, strategy, and vision to support the company employees in execution of the tasks. Diverse Management Team: Qantas management comprises of individuals from different fields. The company diverse team offers a variety of skills, education, and views are essential for enhancing the Qantas management. Again, given the fact that the management team is from different disciplines they provide various leadership traits needed to make the management of the company effective. Seeking opinion from Employees: Employees in the organization can be the source of very crucial information during the decision-making process within the organization(Bhatti, Maitlo, Shaikh, Hashmi, Shaikh, 2012). This is because they are involved in the company activities on a daily basis and thus they can learn and observe the organization progress. Qantas Airline has recognized the importance of employee information and hence top management always consults them when making decisions. Agbim (2013) argued that this does not only help by involving the employees in the decision-making process but also helps in encouraging and motivating them. Collaborative: Qantas management believes that the leaders should be open, honest and collaborative. With this technique in leadership, the employees feel motivated and thus work towards achieving the organization targeted goals and objectives. Qantas Airline Marketing Strategies An effective business strategy should conform to the company vision and mission(Lynn, 2011). Similarly, it acts as the roadmap of aiding the company to achieve its objectives. The company establishes various strategies depending on the nature of the problem it aims to address. Some of the companies apply different strategies both in at domestic business entities as well in the international operations. Similarly, Qantas Airline has had strategies both for the Australian market and foreign markets. Qantas Airline Australian and Oversee Marketing Strategies Qantas has continued to maintain its competitive marketing strategies even though it is facing stiff competition from airline operators such as Virgin Airline(Mason, 2014). Despite the stiff competition, the company has consistently continued to apply its price war marketing strategy. Qantas targets the Australian low-cost customers whereby it has effectively and successfully outperformed its competitors. Again, Qantas applies the concept of portfolio diversification to increase the base of its domestic customers as well as in the international markets(McGowan, 2006). This has resulted in increasing the company growth opportunities in the local market. Other strategies that the company has applied to its marketing activities are as briefly discussed below: Cost Efficiencies: The main goal of each company is to reduce the cost to the lowest level as possible and at the same time improve the organization profit margins(Karakaya, Badur, Aytekin, 2011). This strategy has been majorly adopted by the companies as the marketing technique( Kotler, Bowen, Makens, 2006). This is because the company profitability is one of the strong competitive advantages the firm can use to outdo its competitors in the market. Likewise, Qantas has realized the importance cost efficiency and thus has applied it to penetrate both domestic and international markets. Segmentation of the Brands: Qantas has divided the company flying business into various brands. This enables the company to cater to the needs of several customers. For example, through this strategy the company has been able to cater to the needs of the different categories customers such as corporates, leisure travelers, and business travels. Expansion to less Airline Dominated Region: The expansion of the companies to regions such as Asia has helped the company to establish in the new regions before the entry of the new players. For example, the expansion of the company operations into Asia has helped the company to claim a relatively large market share than its competitors. Comments on Company Structure and Strategies An effective organization structure should aid the organization to establish suitable strategies in its roadmap to achieve the mission, vision, and objectives of the company. Qantas has had strong organization structure which seems to cater for the interests of each stakeholder. This has been effectively achieved by the management adopting a combination of leadership styles. Through the integration of the aspects of the various leadership styles, the leaders have been able to act situationally to address the problem at hand. Therefore, this paper comments that the company leadership has been transformational and situational and thus it is an effective leadership style. This can be evidenced by the company success in the industry both in the domestic and in the global market. From the analysis of the company marketing strategies it has come out clearly that different natures of business should adopt different marketing strategies. Qantas Airline seems to have applied the right and suitable strategies. This can be attributable to the company success both in the domestic and international market. By the adoption of these strategies, Qantas has been able to claim a significant percentage of market share. Therefore, this paper concludes that the company has applied effective marketing strategies. This why the company has been able to dominate both domestic and global markets. Conclusion Organization structure, leadership style and the marketing strategies are fundamental aspects in the success of the organization. The companies that adopt these concepts effectively are deemed to have smooth running both in their industries and markets. Qantas Airline has been able to realize success by putting these aspects into consideration. The structure helps the organization to allocate resources and delegate duties effectively for effective decision making. On the other side, leadership style provides the direction of the organization. Finally, the marketing strategies determine the profitability of the business as well as the competitive advantage of the company. References Kotler, P., Bowen, J. T., Makens, J. C. (2006). Marketing for Hospitality and Tourism. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. Tran, Q., Tian, Y. (2013). Organizational Structure: Influencing Factors and Impact on a Firm. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 3(2), 229-236. Advameg Inc. (2016, April 22). Qantas Airways Ltd. - Company Profile, Information, Business Description, History, Background Information on Qantas Airways Ltd. Retrieved from https://www.referenceforbusiness.com: https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history2/40/Qantas-Airways-Ltd.html Agbim, K. C. (2013). The Impact of Organizational Structure and Leadership Styles on Innovation. Journal of Business and Management, 6(6), 56-63. Al-Qatawneh, M. I. (2014). The Impact of Organizational Structure on Organizational Commitment: A Comparison between Public and Private Sector Firms in Jordan. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(12), 30-37. Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G. M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M. A., Shaikh, F. M. (2012). The Impact of Autocratic and Democratic Leadership Style on Job Satisfaction. International Business Research, 5(2), 192-201. Jaroslav, B. (2013). The Leadership Style and the Productiveness of Employees in the Banking Sector in Slovakia. Journal of Competitiveness, 5(1), 39-52. Karakaya, ., Badur, B., Aytekin, C. (2011). Analyzing the Effectiveness of Marketing Strategies in the Presence of Word of Mouth: Agent-Based Modeling Approach. Journal of Marketing Research and Case Studies, 11(3), 1-17. Koech, P. M., Namusonge, G. S. (2012). The Effect of Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance at State Corporations in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Commerce, 2(1), 1-12. Lynn, M. (2011). Segmenting and Targeting Your Market: Strategies and Limitations. School of Hotel Administration Collection, 353-369. Martinelli, P. D. (2010). Systems Hierarchies and Management, Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 18(1), 68-82. Mason, M. (2014, May 21). The Virgin battle is testing Qantas' domestic Strategy. Retrieved from https://www.smh.com.au: https://www.smh.com.au/business/aviation/virgin-battle-testing-qantas-domestic-strategy-20140521-38nh9.html McGowan, A. (2006). Inquiry to Australia's Service Industries. NSW: Qantas Airway Limited. Mintzberg, H. (2009). The Structuring of Organizations. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Stribling, J. (2013, October 10). Seven tips on being a great leader from Qantas' Alan Joyce. Retrieved from https://www.jonstribling.com: https://www.jonstribling.com/7-leadership-tips-from-alan-joyce/ The Conversation. (2014, September 1). Qantas turn-around is Alan Joyce, the right leader for the job? Retrieved from https://theconversation.com: https://theconversation.com/qantas-turn-around-is-alan-joyce-the-right-leader-for-the-job-31051

Tsingtao Beer

Executive Summary Tsingtao’s entry to the Thai market requires a robust project management approach. The project scope includes construction of a beer brewery, and establishing a value chain in Thailand. The technical requirements for the project include the construction of a brewery that can produce three million bottles of liquor monthly.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Tsingtao Beer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The systems needed for the success of the project includes a change management system, and Project Management Office (PMO), and a risk management system. The project manager is a senior vice president of Tsingtao Beer. The project management team reports directly to the board. The main risks associated with the project arise from Tsingtao’s limited understanding of the business environment in Thailand. Tsingtao Beer Project Plan The Tsingtao Beer company is in the process of expan ding its overseas operations to create new markets for its products. This document examines various aspects of the project plan developed to ensure the success of the new venture. The issues covered in this plan range from the work breakdown structure to project management tools and approaches used in the project. Scale and Scope of Project This project relates to the construction of the facilities for use in beer production in Thailand. A business development team from Tsingtao’s headquarters in Beijing will handle the commercial aspects of the project. The project objectives are as follows. Project Objectives The three objectives of this project are as follows. The first objective of the project is to construct an operational brewery in Thailand with the capacity to handle the demands of Thai Consumers as well as to provide products for distribution in nearby markets. The second objective of the project is to make preliminary business plans for the operations of the brewer y. Major Deliverables Based on these objectives the list below provides the project deliverables associated with the project. A fully functional beer brewery in Bangkok Signed service and maintenance contracts with suppliers Product supply contracts with rice farmers A marketing strategy Licenses, permits and regulatory approvals necessary for brewing operations in Thailand Milestones Table 1 below presents the milestones associated with the projectAdvertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Milestone Indicators Completion of the construction of the brewery in Bangkok This includes the civil works, electrical works, plumbing, construction of access roads and parking areas, and installation of equipment in the brewery Signing of service and maintenance contracts with service providers The company will sign supply contracts with an electrical engineering firm to provide co nsultancy on the electrical design of the facility. It also needs contracts with equipment manufacturers to supply and maintain beer-manufacturing equipment. In addition, the company will require contracts with utility providers such as phone companies, internet service providers as well as the region’s water company. Signing of supply contracts with rice farmers The company should sign sufficient contracts to assure it of a regular supply of rice for the production of beer Completion of the development of a marketing strategy Tsingtao must identify the market segments in Thailand’s beer market. In addition, the company needs a detailed understanding of the competitive environment to develop an effective market entry strategy. Obtaining all licenses, permits and regulatory approvals The company needs several licenses and permits to deliver on the project. It needs a permit from Thailand’s environmental agency as well as construction permits from local auth orities. The company also needs a liquor-trading license as well as a business license to operate legally in Thailand. Table 1: Milestones and Related Indicators Technical Requirements The technical requirements for this project are as follows. First, the project should deliver a brewery with a production capacity of three million bottles per month. The brewery should have the capacity to store up to three months supply of rice to avert any supply shortages. The third technical requirement is that the water supply must be at least one hundred thousand cubic litres per day to support brewing operations. Electricity supply should be three-phase at 415 volts. Speculative Work Breakdown Structure The speculative work breakdown structure for this project is as follows. 1. Brewery construction 1.1 Architectural planning 1.2 Land surveyAdvertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Tsingtao Beer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn Mor e 1.3 Obtaining of construction permits and regulatory approvals Obtaining construction permits Obtaining permits from the environmental management authority 1.4 Retaining contractors Retaining architectural contractor Retaining of electrical engineering contractor Retaining of mechanical engineering contractor Retaining of civil engineering contractor 1.5 Construction phase Construction of foundations Constructions of external and partitioning walls Roofing Installation of brewing equipment Interior design 1.6 Handover of construction project to the company 2. Marketing strategy development 2.1 Marketing research 2.2 Market analysisAdvertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More 2.3 Market segmentation Identification of market segments Choice of market segments to serve 2.4 Branding decisions 2.5 Development of marketing objectives 2.6 Action plan 3. Business process contracts 3.1 Identifications of rice suppliers Prequalification of suppliers by projected volume of production Prequalification based on the quality of rice produced Qualification of suppliers Signing of supply contracts 3.2 Identification of product distributors 3.3 Obtaining trade licenses from government Obtaining general trade licenses 3.4 Obtaining permits from alcohol regulators Obtaining of liquor trading licenses 3.5 Environmental assessment Retaining an environmental consultant to conduct an environmental audit Presentation of report to environmental authority for approval 3.6 Identification of service contractors Identification of electrical engineering services contractor Identification of mechanical engineering service contractor Systems to Ensure Project Success The sy stems needed for the success of this project are as follows. The Project Management Office (PMO) Tsingtao usually implements various projects concurrently. Usually these projects relate to marketing, product development and streamlining of business process. Tsingtao found it wise to establish a full time PMO to handle project management functions in the company. The PMO will provide the project management team in charge of the Thai expansion project with decision support and oversight to ensure that it meets all the required project management standards. Change Management System Change management is a vital part of project management. The change management system for this project has three aspects. First, it handles the chance that a senior project manager may leave the company at a critical stage of the process. The strategy in place is to ensure that every senior project manager shares responsibilities with a highly capable assistant who can provide continuity in case of staff cha nges. Secondly, the company has retained lawyers in Thailand to keep an eye on the legal environment to ensure that Tsingtao enjoys the benefits provided by any new laws affecting foreign investments, and avoids the pitfalls associated with business in Thailand. The third aspect of Tsingtao’s change management strategy is keeping an eye on the business aspects of the project. This includes observing changes in the tastes and preferences of the Thai consumers as well as the availability of supplies. Project Control System The project control system in place has two main aspects. First, the company gave sufficient space to the project management team to handle all issues relating to this project. This team reports directly to the board of Tsingtao. Secondly, the PMO and the Internal Audit Department of Tsingtao provide immediate oversight of the activities of the project management team. Reports by the PMO and the Internal Audit Department form the basis of discussions of the p roject management team’s activities at the board. Risk Management System One of the main duties of the project manager is to keep track of risks that may affect the project The project management team has a risk matrix that forms the basis for risk identification and management. This risk matrix makes it easy for the project management team to identify risks to the project through regular reviews. Every week, the project manager submits a report that contains a risk appraisal of the project based on the risk matrix developed for this project. Project Collaboration One of the biggest challenges that every organization faces when it comes to project management is how to achieve collaboration across various business units. The nature of projects is that they usually require the input of various departments in ways that do not conform to the established organizational structure. A project management committee can function as a separate organization within the organization. In ord er to reduce the risk of dysfunction in Tsingtao’s Thailand project, the company took the following measures. First, the company assigned one of the senior vice presidents the role of project manager for the Thailand project. This VP will be the first president of the Tsingtao’s’ Thailand brewery. The Board felt that making this VP the project manager would give him the opportunity to understand the Thai business environment. Secondly, the board decided to reduce red tape in decision making by making the project management team directly answerable to the board. This makes it easy for the team to make decisions independently away from the bureaucratic processes that plagues many business decisions The board only tracks the overall performance of the team in regards to the objectives of the project. The third aspect of this project is that the board enlisted the help of the Internal Audit Department to keep an eye on the expenses of the project. However, the audit team can query expenses that fall out of expectations. The Internal Audit Department, then reports its findings to the board for further action. The PMO on the other hand analyses all reports presented by the project manager on behalf of the board. The board then makes decisions based on the reports presented by the PMO and the Internal Audit Department. Role of Organizational Culture in Project Success The organizational culture of Tsingtao is playing a very important part in the development of this project. Internally, Tsingtao has a global mindset because of its international clientele. Tsingtao works well with people from other cultures in its marketing chain. The company’s German heritage gave it an international focus on business. The company does not look at itself as a Chinese company, but as a brewery operating in China. This explains the decision by the board to move some operations to Thailand in order to serve its customers better. Despite the internal perception of the company’s identity, the company operates within a Chinese cultural context. One of the visible impacts of Chinese culture in the operations of the project management committee is the choice of the senior VP to head the Thai project. The Chinese culture stresses seniority when it comes to promotions and during hiring. In addition, staff members hold seniors in high regard because of the cultural heritage of the Chinese people. The board is sure that the senior VP will have complete control over the project because of the respect the other project team members accord him. In addition to these cultural aspects, the Chinese power structure usually works around centralised controls. The senior VP is an organizational insider. The board is therefore comfortable with him at the helm of the new operation. The Iron Triangle The success of this project depends on the ability of the project team to deliver it within the scope, cost, and schedule. The scope of the project is non- negotiable. The project management team must deliver the project exactly as designed for it to meet the project’s objectives. On the question of cost, the team can find cost effective options in the design of some aspects of the project. For instance, the project management committee can find large rice suppliers and sign supply contracts with fewer people. This option will save on the cost of organizing large-scale meetings with many smallholders. However, the company will need time to find these cost effective options. The schedule of the project is flexible and is not entirely in the hands of the project committee. For instance, the company cannot force the Thai authorities to process permits faster than usual. The company must wait for the authorities to act. ICT Resources Assessment The three main types of ICT resources useful to this project include project management software, teleconferencing facilities, and internet banking. The project committee needs project manage ment software to schedule tasks and to keep track of progress. The project can also benefit from collaboration software to ensure the team is in touch at all times. This will cut the costs of physical meetings and will save time. The project management team and the board can have meetings via teleconferencing facilities. This will cut out the need to travel between Thailand and China for board meetings. This will also save on time and cost for the project. Thirdly, the project management team will benefit from the internet banking facilities because of the need to transfer funds between China and Thailand to finance the operations of the project. Currently, there are many options available for international funds transfer. Some of these options require regulatory approval. Retrospective Project Plan The diagram below shows that network diagram and the critical path for this project. Figure 1: Network Diagram The tasks, detailed in the network diagram are as follows. The tasks liste d in red show the critical path of the project. Start Architectural planning Land survey Obtaining of construction permits and regulatory approvals Retaining contractors Construction phase Market analysis Market segmentation Branding decisions Development of marketing objectives Action plan Identifications of rice suppliers Identification of product distributors Obtaining trade licenses from government Obtaining permits from alcohol regulators Environmental assessment Identification of service contractors Handover of construction project to the company Marketing research End Risk Management Plan Risk Identification Risk Assessment Risk Control Strategy Risk Communication Cost risks Project costs exceed projected budgets The Internal Audit Department informs project team of cost overruns Strict budgeting practices Careful monitoring of expenses Internal Audit Department to send audit reports to project teams at least weekly Project team to communicate any projected overr uns to the Internal Audit Department and the Board. The arising of unplanned expenses The project management team finds required expenses that are not included in the project budget Project team carries out projections to determine beforehand the risk of such expenses arising Project team communicates to board for approval of funds Project team communicates with the Internal Audit Department on risk Schedule risks Delays in licensing Project team finds out in the field that licensing takes longer than planned Find out from chambers of commerce, and from other Chinese firms in Thailand how long it takes to process licenses Project Teams to communicate risk to board Delays in funds transfer Delays caused by regulators to approve the transfer of funds to Thailand Apply for all necessary approvals in advance Communicate to the board need to early application for funds transfer approvals Delays in delivery of project components by contractors Contractor reports to projec t team about delays in delivery of the project Allow delays in the project plan deliberately so that slack covers any delays Carefully track the critical path Project team to communicate to the board about any delays Scope risks Need to expand scope of works to cover unforeseen construction needs Project team receives reports from contractors about the need to expand the scope of works Carry out evaluations of all processes to identify any emerging risks Communicate to board any projected expansions in scope of works Table 2: Risk Management Plan Evaluation of Project Tools and Methods The following table summarises various project management tools and methods, alongside their benefits to this project. Tools and Methods Benefits to the Project Microsoft Project Software Microsoft Project is beneficial in project scheduling and monitoring. It is also beneficial in resource planning and tracking. It also helps in the development of Gantt charts and network diagram s. PMO The PMO will help in the maintenance of project standards Work Breakdown Structure The Work Breakdown Structure lists all the lowest independently manageable tasks required to deliver the project. Iron Diagram This diagram is useful in conceptualizing and managing project constraints Risk Management Matrix The Risk Management Matrix helps in risk identification and in developing a risk management strategy. Network Diagram The Network Diagram is useful for showing how tasks relate to each other and in identifying the critical path of a project Table 3 Assessment of project management tools and methods Conclusion This success of the Tsingtao project in Thailand will depend on the use of robust project management tools and methods. The project enjoys strong support from the Tsingtao board, which is a critical requirement for the success of any project. However, the project will require careful implementation because of uncertainties inherent in establishing a new business in an unfamiliar business environment. Reference List Ali, D Al-Aali 2011, Strategic Management, Pearson Inc., New York. Arson, EW Gray, CF 2011, Project Management: The Managerial Process, McGraw Hill International, New York, NY. Chow, GC 2007, China’s Economic Transformation, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford. Chumo, L 2011, Financial Risk: Key Fundametals and Case Studies, Strathmore University Press, Nairobi. 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Walker, DM, Walker, TD Schmitz, JT 2003, Doing Business Internationally: The Guide to Cross-Cultural Success, McGraw-Hill Professional, New York, NY. Zhu, Z 2010, China’s New Diplomacy: Rationale, Strategies and Significance, Ashgate Publishing, Burlington, VT. This coursework on Tsingtao Beer was written and submitted by user Analia Boyer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.